Moving from Korea to the United States is an exciting journey, but it requires navigating a significant shift in social norms, communication styles, and daily expectations. The American culture, often driven by individualism and a flatter hierarchy, contrasts sharply with the harmony, seniority, and respect inherent in Korean society.

The Austin Korean Association (AKA) has compiled this essential guide to help newcomers quickly understand and adopt key American etiquette, ensuring smoother social integration and professional success in your new environment.

Social & Personal Interaction: The Basics

How you greet people and carry yourself in conversation communicates respect in the U.S.

Korean Custom and U.S. Etiquette Shift

Bowing vs. Handshake

  • Korean Custom: Bowing or a two-handed handshake is standard, especially toward superiors.
  • U.S. Etiquette Shift: A single-handed handshake is the most common greeting. A bow is not expected.

Titles and Hierarchy

  • Korean Custom: Titles and Hierarchy are strictly observed.
  • U.S. Etiquette Shift: Americans are generally more informal and often prefer to be called by their first name immediately. Always start with Mr./Ms./Dr. and last name until invited to use the first name.

Direct Eye Contact

  • Korean Custom: Direct Eye Contact can be seen as confrontational or impolite, especially with someone of higher status.
  • U.S. Etiquette Shift: Direct eye contact is considered a sign of confidence, respect, and attentiveness.

Personal Space

  • Korean Custom: Personal Space is generally closer.
  • U.S. Etiquette Shift: Americans value personal space; maintain about 2 feet of distance during conversation.

Saying "No"

  • Korean Custom: Saying "No" or declining an invitation is often avoided to maintain harmony (Kibun).
  • U.S. Etiquette Shift: Direct communication is valued. It is not rude to directly decline an invitation or an offer.

Dining Etiquette: Tipping and Table Manners

The difference in dining is often the most critical and confusing adjustment for newcomers.

1. Tipping (Gratuity) is Mandatory

Unlike in Korea where tipping is not customary, tipping in the U.S. is mandatory and expected for most services. This practice ensures service workers, who often earn a lower base wage, are compensated fairly.

Sit-Down Restaurants

  • Standard Tip Rate: 15% - 20% of the pre-tax bill.
  • Notes: 20% is common for good service. Check the bill; gratuity is often added automatically for large parties.

Delivery Drivers/Rideshare

  • Standard Tip Rate: 15% - 20% of the total cost.
  • Notes: Tipping is a way to compensate for the convenience of the service.

Counter/Fast Food

  • Standard Tip Rate: Not required.
  • Notes: Tips are welcome but optional.

Critical Table Manners

  • Chewing with Mouth Closed (Essential): It is considered extremely impolite and unsanitary to chew with your mouth open, often called "smacking" or making "mouth noises". This is a critical habit to adopt, as it is highly frowned upon by Americans and is a major social faux pas.
  • Eating Order: There is no strict rule that everyone must wait for the oldest person to start eating. Once the host announces the start of the meal, people generally begin eating.
  • Shoes Indoors: While you may be accustomed to removing shoes at the door, Americans generally do not remove their shoes when entering a home. Follow the host's lead.

Workplace Etiquette: Hierarchy and Communication

The American workplace is often less hierarchical and more direct than the Korean model.

1. Hierarchy

  • Korean Workplace Custom: Hierarchy is Strict. Age and position dictate the level of respect and authority.
  • U.S. Workplace Shift: Egalitarian Approach is prevalent, where hierarchy is less rigid. Contributions and ideas are valued regardless of age or rank.

2. Communication

  • Korean Workplace Custom: Communication is Indirect to avoid confrontation and preserve harmony.
  • U.S. Workplace Shift: Communication is Direct and explicit, prioritizing clarity and straightforwardness.

3. Work-Life Balance

  • Korean Workplace Custom: Work-Life Balance often blurs, with social obligations after work.
  • U.S. Workplace Shift: There is a clearer emphasis on separating work and personal life. Personal time is highly valued.

Navigating these differences requires patience and active observation. By understanding these key shifts, you can better integrate and thrive in your new American environment.

The Austin Korean Association is here to help you succeed. Please reach out to us for resources and networking opportunities!